【摘要】
清华简《厚父》 “ ” 读为 “劼”, “” 训读为 “绩” 。劼绩, 意为勤勉的业绩, 指大禹纾解水患, 工作艰辛而言。夏、周关系亲密, 周人以夏的继承者自居, 所以称大禹为 “前文人” 。厚父高祖是夏代的辅政大臣, 一人同时为臣下侍奉过夏代的 “三后”, 则 “三后” 必然是前后相继的三位君王。孔甲与禹的在位时间相差约三百年, 厚父的高祖肯定不能同时侍奉此二人的, 因此笔者怀疑孔甲不是《厚父》时王所称的 “三后” 之一。
The word “Jieji” (劼绩) in Tsinghua bamboo-slips Houfu (《厚父》) should be Interpreted as “hard work”, which mean achievements and diligent performance of emperor Dayu (大禹), refered to great relief for floods. The relationship between Xia dynasty (夏代) and Zhou dynasty (周代) is intimate, and Zhou Ren (周人) is the successor of Xia Ren
(夏人). Therefore, Zhou Ren (周人) can call Dayu (大禹) as former literary person (前文人). Houfu’s (《厚父》) Gaozu (高祖) was the auxiliary minister of the Xia Dynasty’s government. one person could not serve the Xia Dynasty’s three emperors at the same time. Then the three emperors must be the three kings successively. The time between Kongjia (孔甲) and Houfu (《厚父》) was about three hundred years. Houfu’s (《厚父》) Gaozu (高祖) could not serve the two emperors at the same time. Therefore, we suspect that Houfu (《厚父》) is not one of the “three emperors” (三后).
